Palabras clave
Dolor musculoesquelético
Ejercicio terapéutico Musicians
Musculoskeletal pain
Therapeutic exercise Músicos
Dor musculoesquelética
Exercício terapêutico
Cómo citar
Resumen
Esta revisión sistemática analiza la evidencia sobre la eficacia del ejercicio terapéutico en músicos instrumentales, una población equiparada con deportistas de alto rendimiento, pero tradicionalmente desatendida en el ámbito biosanitario. Mediante criterios PRISMA y la escala PEDro, se seleccionaron ensayos clínicos aleatorizados extraídos de la base de datos PubMed. Los resultados muestran una reducción significativa del dolor y mejora funcional, aunque persisten interrogantes sobre la seguridad y aplicabilidad de estos protocolos. Se destaca la necesidad de investigaciones adicionales que consoliden estrategias terapéuticas basadas en evidencia para optimizar la salud de los músicos.
Citas
Aapmr&r (2024). “PM&R Journal”, The Journal of Injury, Function anda Rehabilitation.
https://www.aapmr.org/members-publications/pm-r-journal
Ackermann, Bronwen, Christine Guptill, Clay Miller, Randall Dick y J. Matt McCrary (2022). “Assessing Performing Artists in Medical and Health Practice-The Dancers, Instrumentalists, Vocalists, and Actors Screening Protocol”, Current Sports Medicine Reports, 21(12) pp. 460-462. https://doi.org/10.1249/JSR.0000000000001022
Akau, Cedric, Mark A. Harrast, Seneca A. Storm, Jonathan T. Finnoff y Stuart Willick (2009). “Sports and Performing Arts Medicine: 1. Upper Extremity Injuries”, PM&R, 1(3S), S51-S59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmrj.2009.01.019
American Collegue of Sports Medicine (2026). “Current Sports Medicine Reports”.
https://journals.lww.com/acsm-csmr/Pages/aboutthejournal.aspx.
Athletes and the Arts (s.f.). https://athletesandthearts.com/
Bouhassira, Didier (2019). “Neuropathic pain: Definition, assessment and epidemiology”, Revue Neurologique, 175(1), pp. 16-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2018.09.016.
Chan, Cliffton, Tim Driscoll y Bronwen J. Ackermann (2014). “Effect of a Musicians’ Exercise Intervention on Performance-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders”, Medical Problems of Performing Artists, 29(4), pp. 181-188. https://doi.org/10.21091/mppa.2014.4038
Cholbi Llobell, Francisco, Vicente Marimón-Hoyos y José María Climent-Barberá (2021). “Dolor musculoesquelético ligado a la interpretación musical en la Comunidad Valenciana”, Rehabilitación, 55(1), pp. 15-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rh.2020.05.005
Collard, Xavier, Jean-François Kaux y Bénédicte Forthomme (2022). “Les pathologies neuro-musculo-squelettiques en lien avec la pratique musicale. Une revue de la littérature”, Revue médicale de Liège, 77(4), pp. 231-235. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35389007/
Cruder, Cinzia, Marco Barbero, Emiliano Soldini y Nigel Gleeson (2021). “Patterns of Pain Location in Music Students: A Cluster Analysis”, BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 22(184), pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-021-04046-6
Dalager, Tina, Alyssa Welch, Shaun Patrick O’Leary, Venerina Johnston y Gisela Sjøgaard (2023). “Clinically Relevant Decreases in Neck/Shoulder Pain Among Office Workers Are Associated With Strength Training Adherence and Exercise Compliance: Explorative Analyses From a Randomized Controlled Trial”, Physical Therapy, 103(2), pzac166. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/pzac166
Dandale, Charul, Priyanka A. Telang y Pooja Kasatwar (2023). “The Effectiveness of Ergonomic Training and Therapeutic Exercise in Chronic Neck Pain in Accountants in the Healthcare System: A Review”, Cureus, 15(3), e35762. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.35762
Dick, Randall, Bronwen J. Ackermann, J. Matt McCrary, Clay Miller y Christine Guptill (2022). “Athletes and the Arts and Performing Arts Medicine: Leveraging Sports Medical Expertise to Improve the Care of Performing Artists”, Current Sports Medicine Report, 21(12), pp. 418-419. https://doi.org/10.1249/JSR.0000000000001023
Dick, Randall, Jacqueline Berning, William Dawson, Richard D Ginsburg, Clay Miller y
George T Shybut (2013). “Athletes and the Arts V The Role of Sports Medicine in the Performing Arts”, Current Sports Medicine Reports, 12(6), pp. 397-403. https://doi.org/doi:10.1249/JSR.0000000000000009
Escala PEDro. Phisiotherapy Evidence Database (2016). https://pedro.org.au/spanish/resources/pedro-scale/
Estévez Montes, Felícitas (2009). “Sistema consciente para la técnica del movimiento”, Entre líneas. Revista Especializada en Psicomotricidad, (24), pp. 27-32. https://app-psicomotricistas.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/EL_2009_24_37-42.pdf
Foxman, Irina y Barbara J. Burgel (2006). “Musician Health and Safety: Preventing Playing-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders”, AAOHN Journal, 54(7), pp. 309-316. https://doi.org/10.1177/216507990605400703
Gasenzer, Elena, Marie-Juliana Klumpp, Dawid Pieper y Edmund Neugebauer (2017). “The prevalence of chronic pain in orchestra musicians”, GMS German Medical Science, 15, Doc01. https://doi.org/10.3205/000242
Gómez-Rodríguez, Rosa, Belén Díaz-Pulido, Carlos Gutiérrez-Ortega, Beatriz Sánchez-Sánchez, y María Torres-Lacomba (2020). “Prevalence, Disability and Associated Factors of Playing-Related Musculoskeletal Pain among Musicians: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study”, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(11), pp. 3991. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113991.
Goodman, Glenn y Sheryl Staz (1989). “Occupational Therapy for Musicians with Upper Extremity Overuse Syndrome: Patient Perceptions Regarding Effectiveness of Treatment”, Medical Problems of Performing Artists, 4(1), pp. 9-14. https://www.jstor.org/stable/45440188
Huang, Xiaoli, Jimmy Lin, y Dina Demner-Fushman (2006). “Evaluation of PICO as a Knowledge Representation for Clinical Questions”, Annual Symposium Proceedings AMIA Symposium, 2006, pp. 359-363. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17238363/
Johnston, Venerina, Xiaoqi Chen, Alyssa Welch, Gisela Sjøgaard, Tracy Comans, Megan McStea, Leon Straker, Markus Melloh, Michelle Pereira y Shaun O'Leary (2021). “A Cluster-Randomized Trial of Workplace Ergonomics and Neck-Specific Exercise versus Ergonomics and Health Promotion for Office Workers to Manage Neck Pain - a Secondary Outcome Analysis”, BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 22(68), pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-021-03945-y
Lee, Sang-Hie, Stephanie Carey, Rajiv Dubey, y Rachel Matz (2012). “Intervention Program in College Instrumental Musicians, with Kinematics Analysis of Cello and Flute Playing: A Combined Program of Yogic Breathing and Muscle Strengthening-Flexibility Exercises”, Medical Problems of Performing Artists, 27(2) pp. 85-94. https://doi.org/10.21091/mppa.2012.2016
Loeser, John D. y Ronald Melzack (1999). “Pain: An Overview”, The Lancet 353(9164), pp. 1607-1609. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(99)01311-2
Mirshahi, Maryam, Rezvaneh Najafi, Mohammadreza Golbakhsh, Afsaneh Mirshahi, y Ahmadi Pishkuhi (2023). “Effectiveness of a Core Stability Exercise Program on Pain and Function in Musicians with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial”, Medical Problems of Performing Artists, 38(4), pp. 207-213. https://doi.org/10.21091/mppa.2023.4025
National Association of Schools of Music (2024). “National Association of Schools of Music”.
https://nasm.arts-accredit.org/
Nygaard Andersen, Lotte, Stephanie Mann, Birgit Juul-Kristensen y Karen Søgaard (2017). “Comparing the Impact of Specific Strength Training vs General Fitness Training on Professional Symphony Orchestra Musicians: A Feasibility Study”, Medical Problems of Performing Artists, 32(2), pp. 94-100. https://doi.org/10.21091/mppa.2017.2016.
Roos, Marianne y Jean-Sébastien Roy (2018). “Effect of a Rehabilitation Program on Performance-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Student and Professional Orchestral Musicians: A Randomized Controlled Trial”, Clinical Rehabilitation, 32(12), pp. 1656-1665. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269215518785000
Schaefer, Paul T. y Jennine Speier (2012). “Common Medical Problems of Instrumental Athletes”, Current Sports Medicine Reports, 11(6), pp. 316-322. https://doi.org/10.1249/JSR.0b013e318272c8ae
Sciascia, Aaron y Robin Cromwell (2012). “Kinetic Chain Rehabilitation: A Theoretical Framework”, Rehabilitation Research and Practice, 853037, pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/853037
Sihawong, Rattaporn, Pooriput Waongenngarm, y Prawit Janwantanakul (2021). “Efficacy of Risk Factor Education on Pain Intensity and Disability in Office Workers with Nonspecific Neck or Low Back Pain: A Pilot Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial”, Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, 34(2), pp. 251-259. https://doi.org/10.3233/BMR-191716
Silva, Anabela, Filipa Mb Lã y Vera Afreixo (2015). “Pain Prevalence in Instrumental Musicians: A Systematic Review”, Medical Problems of Performing Artists, 30(1), pp. 8-19. https://doi.org/10.21091/mppa.2015.1002
Sousa, Cláudia Maria, Jorge Pereira Machado, Henry Johannes Greten y Daniela Coimbra (2017). “Playing-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders of Professional Orchestra Musicians from the North of Portugal: Comparing String and Wind Musicians”, Acta Médica Portuguesa, 30(4), pp. 302-306. https://doi.org/10.20344/amp.7568
Stanhope, Jessica, Dino Pisaniello y Philip Weinstein (2022). “The Effect of Strategies to Prevent and Manage Musicians’ Musculoskeletal Symptoms: A Systematic Review”, Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health, 77(3), pp. 185-208. https://doi.org/10.1080/19338244.2020.1860879
Storm, Seneca A., Jonathan T. Finnoff, Stuart Willick, Cedric K. Akau y Mark A. Harrast (2009). “Sports and Performing Arts Medicine: 3. Spine and Neurologic Injuries”, PM&R, 1(3S), pp. S67-S72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmrj.2009.01.020
Universidad de Valencia, Biblioteca (2026). “Biblioguies Universidad de Valencia: Revisiones sistemáticas en Ciencias de la Salud: Pregunta de investigación: modelo PICO”.
https://uv-es.libguides.com/revisiones_sistematicas_Salud/pregunta_inves/PICO
Van Dillen, Linda R., Vanessa M. Lanier y Karen Steger-May (2021). “Effect of Motor Skill Training in Functional Activities vs Strength and Flexibility Exercise on Function in People With Chronic Low Back Pain”, JAMA Neurology, 78(4), pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.4821
Wilson, Robert J., Jeffry T. Watson y Donald H. Lee (2014). “Nerve Entrapment Syndromes in Musicians”, Clinical Anatomy, 27(6), pp. 861-865. https://doi.org/10.1002/ca.22377
Wolff, Aviva L., Daphne I. Ling, Ellen K. Casey, Brett G. Toresdahl y Alfred C. Gellhorn (2021). “Feasibility and Impact of a Musculoskeletal Health for Musicians (MHM) Program for Musician Students: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study”, Journal of Hand Therapy: Official Journal of the American Society of Hand Therapists, 34(2), pp.
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.